How is the blood glucose managed in a DKA patient?

In the management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the primary treatment focuses on addressing both hyperglycemia and the underlying metabolic disturbances. Insulin administration is crucial because it facilitates the uptake of glucose into the cells, which lowers blood glucose levels. Insulin also helps to suppress ketone production, reducing acidosis.

Hydration plays a significant role as well. Patients in DKA often present with dehydration due to osmotic diuresis caused by high blood glucose levels. Administering intravenous fluids helps restore circulating volume and enhances renal function, allowing for better clearance of ketones and glucose.

The combination of insulin therapy and hydration is essential to rapidly correct the metabolic derangements associated with DKA. This approach not only lowers blood glucose but also contributes to the correction of acidosis and electrolyte imbalances, making it a comprehensive treatment strategy for patients in DKA.

Other options, such as managing blood glucose with oral hypoglycemics or a strict diet, are not suitable in the acute setting of DKA, as they are less effective and slow-acting compared to insulin therapy. Hydration alone does not address the elevated blood glucose levels or metabolic acidosis and is insufficient for resolving DKA.